Personal Narrative I Quit Smoking Essay - 664 Words

Personal Narrative I Quit Smoking Everyone was starting to notice that I had a problem. My wife would ask, Are you O.K.? as I hacked and coughed every morning. My friends would joke about how I would run short of breath just from walking to the car. My wallet was really talking to me! Somehow I managed to lose five or six dollars a day somewhere between home and the convenience store. But the only voice I would heed had to come from within myself. Finally one day it did. I had been debating quitting smoking for the last few months. I would get very angry every time I went out to buy cigarettes because the prices seemed to change weekly. Every week there was a new tobacco settlement, and a new price hike. The victims of†¦show more content†¦If I could smoke in a restaurant, Id be forced to sit in the back with all the other social misfits. I felt guilty making my wife join me in exile. She would complain about someone blowing their smoke at her and Id switch seats with her. At work I had to walk downstairs, through the lobby, and outside into the parking lot to have my precious cigarette. Id stand outside like a fool in the pouring rain while my non-smoking co-workers sat in the air conditioned cafeteria and enjoyed coffee and snacks. I would always opt for the cigarette because I didnt have time to do both. Finally I had enough. After hearing of a co-workers success with hypnosis, I decided to make an appointment for hypnotherapy. She was so convinced and gave such a glowing report of the whole process that I was too intrigued not to go. I arrived for my appointment at 1pm sharp and spent about an hour talking with the hypnotherapist about the different rules of hypnosis. He wanted me to fully understand what was going to happen, and more importantly, what couldnt happen. He explained to me how hypnosis was just a way of communicating with the sub conscious mind. We talked about being truthful about what I wanted to accomplish, and the fact that I had to truly want to stop smoking forever. Once he was convinced that I was serious about wanting to quit, we went ahead with the hypnosis. We talked about how a persons moral and ethical valuesShow MoreRelatedAnti Tobacco Advertisements And Effects On Quitting Behavior : Results From The California Smokers Cohort940 Words   |  4 Pagestry to research if anti-tobacco television advertisements with personal message can be recall by the person and have a greater impact on smoking cessation. The authors felt that this was an important topic to study because they were concern about the dangers of smoking tobacco. According to Leas et al. (2015) â€Å"Nondaily smoking and second-hand smoke exposure can lead to the same negative health consequences that result from daily smoking†(p.90). As a result, the authors engage in a cohort study whereRead MoreA Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson, by Mary Rowlandson1483 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"A Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson† by Mary Rowlandson is a short history about her personal experience in captivity among th e Wampanoag Indian tribe. On the one hand, Mary Rowlandson endures many hardships and derogatory encounters. However, she manages to show her superior status to everyone around her. She clearly shows how her time spent under captivity frequently correlates with the lessons taught in the Bible. Even though, the colonists possibly murderedRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Morgellons Syndrome Essay1763 Words   |  8 Pagesemotional frustration for not being believed their disease is real - both by doctors and by those closest to them. Anyone can join the forum and access is free. It is also a safe space for sufferers to let off steam and the overwhelming amount of comments I read in response to blog posts were supportive. One of the most salient themes on the forum is that of exasperation. People who identify as having Morgellons are sick of not being believed, especially as this lack of belief does not provide them withRead MoreThe Exchange Of Religion And Ideas1908 Words   |  8 Pagesworship of false gods. You should not pray to your ancestors; pray only to God. As with several apostolic interpretations of â€Å"traditional† religious practice, this one is rejected by the people it is meant to describe... For many Shona-speaking people, as I have noted, ancestors are an integral part of social relationships, and they can often intervene (for better or for worse) in daily life.† (Engelke, 191). It is important to note that the conflict of the two different views about rituals to communicateRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Beowulf 3700 Words   |  15 Pagesheroic paradox by dying in his conflict with a dragon. He met his fate and saved his people ensuring that his legacy would be reme mbered as a mighty hero. I had a fixed purpose when I put to sea. As I sat in the boat with my band of men, I meant to perform to the uttermost what your people wanted or perish in the attempt, in the fiend s clutches. And I shall fulfill that purpose, prove myself with a proud deed or meet my death here in the mead-hall. (632-638) Here Beowulf declared his determinationRead MoreGeriatric Assessment7902 Words   |  32 Pagesgeriatric providers may choose to assess: †¢ Current symptoms and illnesses and their functional impact. †¢ Current medications, their indications and effects. †¢ Relevant past illnesses. †¢ Recent and impending life changes. †¢ Objective measure of overall personal and social functionality. †¢ Current and future living environment and its appropriateness to function and prognosis. †¢ Family situation and availability. †¢ Current caregiver network including its deficiencies and potential. †¢ Objective measure ofRead MoreAn Inconvenient Truth : Al Gore Essay4053 Words   |  17 Pagespresentation to many interested audiences. An Inconvenient Truth, a first-person narrative filled with personal stories and motivations opens with a calm, serene riverbank montage surrounded by trees and wildlife, which is repeated throughout the film. This opening scene is accompanied by the same soundtrack each time, as are the scenes relating to Gore’s personal life. The song works to initiate a connection, both personal and emotional when played in the background. In this case, forms of visual andRead MoreTreatment with Effective Interventions3273 Words   |  14 Pagesfree of tantrums/explosive episodes ââ€" ª Learn two positive anger management skills ââ€" ª Learn three ways to communicate verbally when angry ââ€" ª Be able to express anger in a productive manner without destroying property or personal belongings ââ€" ª Be able to express anger without yelling and using foul language ââ€" ª Explore and resolve conflict with ____ (list triggers) ââ€" ª Get through an entire day without an angry mood swing (or breaking/punching†¦) Read MoreEvidence Based Practice Essay6286 Words   |  26 PagesPopulation • Age Ââ€" have to narrow question; • Gender • Ethnicity • Those with certain disorders Intervention • Exposure to disease • Prognostic factor • Risk behavior (e.g., smoking) Comparison • No disease vs having a disease • Placebo or no intervention / therapy • Absence of risk factor (e.g., non-smoking) Outcome • Related to risk of disease • The accuracy of diagnosis • Rate of occurrence of adverse outcome (e.g., death) Question Templates for Asking PICO Questions Ââ€" 6 types Read MoreEssay about Samuel Clemens in Buffalo: A Woman and an Artist6035 Words   |  25 Pagesresident for the past twenty years, I was also only vaguely aware that Clemens passed through until Dr. Walter Sharrow of the Canisius College History Department mentioned his local stay. The suggestion that America’s best satirist lived in Buffalo—a location that could provide a contemporary wit with a wide range of material—tickled my historical sensibilities. Nearly immediately, I began to speculate why America’s most famous writer would migrate to Buffalo. After I discarded my first ideas—the weather

Memory vs Forgetting in the Odyssey Essay - 1031 Words

There are many themes of forgetting and remembering in the Odyssey of Homer. When you have a great love for someone or something it shall never be forgotten. Both Penelope and Odysseus show the importance of memory throughout The Odyssey of homer over and over again. The theme of memory and forgetting does not show only love between Penelope and Odysseus but also an important principle in the upkeep of the correct social interactions. Penelope tells the singer Phemios that she does not want to hear the song that she is singing. The song brings pain to Penelope’s heart and reminds her of her â€Å"unforgotten sorrow† (Homer, Odyssey I.342). Whenever Penelope is reminded of Odysseus she become very sad and starts to weep for the love she has†¦show more content†¦She stands the test of time and patiently waits for her husband’s return. She waits 20 years without ever even knowing if he will ever return or not. Penelope always remembers that time and arà ªte are important principles in social interactions. Even with all the suitors in her home acting like savages; she still acts with the proper respect and customs. She always acts as if she is still married and her husband will be home soon. Agamemnon appears to Odysseus and speaks to him about his wife Penelope. He states that Penelope is a â€Å"wife endowed with great virtue† (Homer, Odyssey XXIV.193). He congratulates Odysseus on how great the love and memory of Penelope for Odysseus is throughout the poem. Her memory of Odysseus gives her kleos that â€Å"shall never die away† (Homer, Odyssey XXIV.196-7). In the same conversation between Odysseus and Agamemnon; Agamemnon speaks about his wife Clytemnestra in a way that shows the contrast between an honored wife that remembers her husband to a deceitful cheater who killed her husband. Agamemnon also states â€Å"there is nothing for disgusting than a vile women who thin ks of acts that dishonor, and plots murders of husbands† (Homer, Odyssey XI.427-30) This in turn shows the theme of remembering is a more glorious way of life than forgetting. Throughout the epic poem we see a great connection between good memory and worthy character. Odysseus is the only one afraid to forget and for his men to forget theirShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages269 United Chemical Company 269 Byron vs. Thomas 271 Active Listening Exercise 272 SKILL APPLICATION 274 Activities for Communicating Supportively Suggested Assignments 274 Application Plan and Evaluation 274 274 SCORING KEYS AND COMPARISON DATA 276 Communicating Supportively 276 Scoring Key 276 Comparison Data 276 Communication Styles 276 Comparison Data 276 SKILL PRACTICE Diagnosing Problems and Fostering Understanding: United Chemical Company and Byron vs. Thomas 278 Observer’s Feedback Form

International Of Entrepreneurial Venturing â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The International Of Entrepreneurial Venturing? Answer: Introduction The aim of this current assignment is to provide a biographical Overview of Nick Molnar, who is currently one of the famous and popular entrepreneurs in Australia. In the year 2014, he established the organization of Afterpay, which is the famous E-Commerce business firm, offering innovative payment to the customers that can help them to buy online products. Nick is also currently the CEO of Afterpay. The Current report will discuss the social and educational background of Nick Molnar along with his entrepreneur traits. It will also focus on the opportunities that are developed due to his business ideas along with the competitive advantage that can be gained due to the same. Finally, recommendations are also provided that can help to improve upon the business ideas that are developed by his Entrepreneurship traits. Background of the entrepreneur Nick Molnar is a young 27-year old entrepreneur with extensive experience in online retailing. He is the CEO and co-founder of Afterpay Holdings Limited, which is an Australian retail payment gateway and one of the fastest growing companies. It facilitates bridging between retail margins and their customers by offering them a new buy take now and pay later service. It does not require any end-customer by making them enter into an upfront fees payment, traditional loan system or interests. It is a new payment system where shoppers can buy now and can pay over months. Currently, after pay has a million customers and retail merchants over 5000. It is listed on the Australian securities exchange in the year 2016 (van Weele et al. 2014). Before he established after pay, he launched an American online jeweller website under the local brand name of iceonline.com.au in Australia. His family has been in the jewellery industry for past 30 years in Australia, and therefore he was able to combine the knowledge of local product with online marketing for exploiting the gap in the market. He successfully grew this business in Australia and became the largest online watch and jewellery retailer. He has also worked at the venture capital as an investment analyst where he was responsible for the investments in the growth stage. During his journey with after pay, he discovered the way to find a niche. Later on, he could commercially develop the business. The concept of buy now-pay later is famous among the Australian customers and retailers. He developed a world-class team who invest genuinely and share the company's vision and views. He is a leading businessperson and listen to your customers and provide exceptional customer services which have helped him to evolve and innovative his business. Moreover, Australia offered him many opportunities that helped him to follow his path to success and to become one of the youngest entrepreneurs (Hendrickson et al. 2015). Entrepreneurial traits In the fast-paced Australian business, it is not easy to build an empire from the ground and efficient and faster route to success; however, Nick Molnar skyrocketed in his career from jeweller selling to become the managing director of ice online. He has the perfect skill for doing a successful business in this digital age and listens to the customers and put their interests first. He can take a risk and gain knowledge and experience from them he got an opportunity while working in his jeweller business store and from where he emerged as a successful businessman, followed his path and finally established Afterpay. Nick Molnar entrepreneurial traits can be explored through the length of trait theory. There are five characteristics of an entrepreneur. While exploring Nick Molnars Leadership traits,he has the propensity to take risks, self-efficacious and have an internal locus of control. When these traits combine, it becomes a person system fit concept (Cavusgil and Knight 2015). According to the trait theory of entrepreneurship, he has developed specific traits, which have helped him to generate new ideas and create new Ventures. He has taken the risk to establish Afterpay and predicted the future, which is efficient farsightedness. This is the most important trait of an entrepreneur. He has the classical trait of tolerance of ambiguity where he will stand the fear of potential failure and uncertainty in his business. In the past growing world business, he has the vision to identify the overlook dishes and put them in front of emerging fields and innovation He had self-belief that made him establish the concept of buying now pay later after Pal which shows self-confidence as another entrepreneur iterate in him. He has changed his business strategies according to the changing days and conditions of the market which makes him a flexible entrepreneur who depends on adaptation. Concisely he has started a business that has broken the rules And became a successful young businessman in Australian retailing. Opportunity recognition and idea development process In the current days, The E-Commerce form of business is gaining huge popularity among the population in Australia. This is mainly because the ecommerce platforms provide the customer opportunity to choose from a wide variety of products. With the advancement of digital technology, the popularity of e-commerce business is rising among the society of Australia. With the rise of popularity of e-commerce business, the tendency of people using the online payment forms is increasing (Davidsson et al. 2011). The online payment is made with the help of credit and debit cards. The business organization like Afterpay is providing Opportunity to the customer to make payment for the desired products after the purchase is done through instalments mode. The service that is provided by Afterpay has been linked with all major online stores. The major advantage of using this service compared to another form of financial loans is because Afterpay helps to provide instant approval for the credit amount (Schaper et al. 2014). The customers are getting an opportunity to pay through instalment methods, which is increasing the sales of all types of the products. One of the major opportunities for this type of business is because they can increase the total sales of the online retails. The Afterpay Company has form partnership with all types of online retail stores, which has allowed them to raise the popularity of the business. The online retail stores are also acting as promotional partners of Afterpay. The major opportunity for the company comes from the use of theory of digital marketing, which is highly effective in context of the modern day business. They are also offering credit loans for buying online product category low-interest rate compared to banks and other financial institutes (Wood and Davidson 2011). The increase in the total number of online retail stores in the Australian consumer market is also providing new business opportunities for Afterpay. With the introduction of the financial assistance service of Afterpay, it has the ability to change the way consumers purchase product of different categories from online retail stores. The ability of the Company to merge with all other forms of business is providing them with the opportunity to expand the forms of business. It is also relevant to say that due to the financial assistance service introduced by Afterpay, they can expand the business of other brands. Hence, the company is also acting as mediator to enhance the sales of products of other brands. This can provide the company with the opportunity to claim some share of the profit that is earned by other brands with the assistance of Afterpay payment gateway. Hence, the idea of Financial Service that is introduced by Nick Molnar have the opportunity to make the huge profit with the help of Partnership that is formed with all types of online stores and retailers along with repeated brands of popular products that are used by the consumers of Australia (Davidsson and Steffens 2011). Competitive advantages One of the major competitive advantages of Afterpay compared to other financial organization or banks of Australia is due to the fact that they are able to provide easy credit loans to the customer for buying all types of products. The company also charges very less accounting of interest rates compared to other loan providers in Australia. The overall process of getting loan approval from Afterpay is also one of the major competitive advantages because they are providing instant approval with very less amount of official documents required in the form of credit or debit card (Klyver and Bager 2012). With the help of excellent business skills of Nick Molnar, it is possible for him to form the business partnership with all major brands that are available in the online retail stores. This is also one of the major competitive advantages of Afterpay. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be said that the calculated risk-taking ability along with the effective Entrepreneurship traits of Nick Molnar has helped him to establish Afterpay and take the company to a popular position in the market. It is recommended for Nick Molnar and his company Afterpay to make use of the opportunity of digital marketing that can help to raise the popularity of the brand. It is also important for the company to make the rapid and fast change in the business policies that will help them to sustain in the market. Reference Cavusgil, S.T. and Knight, G., 2015. The born global firm: An entrepreneurial and capabilities perspective on early and rapid internationalization. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), pp.3-16. Davidsson, P. and Steffens, P., 2011. Comprehensive Australian Study of Entrepreneurial management (CAUSEE): project presentation and early results. In New Business Creation (pp. 27-51). Springer New York. Davidsson, P., Steffens, P. and Gordon, S.R., 2011. Comprehensive Australian Study of Entrepreneurial Emergence (CAUSEE): design, data collection and descriptive results. Handbook of research on new venture creation, pp.216-250. Hendrickson, L., Bucifal, S., Balaguer, A. and Hansell, D., 2015. The employment dynamics of Australian entrepreneurship. Research Paper, 4, p.2015. Klyver, K. and Bager, T.E., 2012. Entrepreneurship policy as institutionalised and powerful myths. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing. Schaper, M.T., Volery, T., Weber, P.C. and Gibson, B., 2014. Entrepreneurship and small business. van Weele, M.A., Steinz, H.J. and Van Rijnsoever, F.J., 2014. Start-ups down under: How start-up communities facilitate Australian entrepreneurship. In Paper to be presented at the DRUID Conference (pp. 16-18). Wood, G.J. and Davidson, M.J., 2011. A review of male and female Australian indigenous entrepreneurs: Disadvantaged pastpromising future?. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 26(4), pp.311-326.

Rap up the Violence free essay sample

Money is Often an issue for teens so they turn to committing crimes to obtain the things they see rapper wearing. In The Music of Violence by John Lingua , it says, many law-enforcement agents say the rap scene stokes gang life, gunplay and bloodletting. The article also says that the makers of the videos and the music insist culture doesnt cause crime, it only documents it. Rap music and videos became popular in the asss, and as history has shown violence was running rampant way before rap hit the scene. In todays society gangs are almost the norm.Low income families sometimes rely on the income that is created by gang violence in order to survive. It is a misconception that young people look up or condone the behavior on rap videos, when really its that they relate to it. In Brent Staples article The Hip-Hop Media he states that female rapper Ill Kim went to jail for not cooperating with the police. We will write a custom essay sample on Rap up the Violence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When asked about an incident involving members of her record label Ill Kim, according to The Hip-Hop Media, misremembered the events of shootout that took happened at the popular radio station Hot 97 .On the streets not snitching is like an unspoken code. It is not necessarily admiration these teenagers feel, but maybe a sense of being able to relate. Rap music is taking the blame for everything. In the article Study Raps Rap Video It says that young girls try to emulate what they see on rap videos. Fashion magazines , TV, and movies have just as much of a negative affect on young girls as rap music. Many girls today are harming their selves in order to look like the celebrities. The images that Brittany Spears, Lindsey Loan, and Paris Hilton portray are just as harmful as the years in some rap songs.In the song Ignorant Sit by rapper Jay Z he raps Surface the movie did more than Surface the rapper to me. Still that mint the blame for all the sit that happened to me . Are you say what Im spitting, is worse than these celebrants showing their kitten, are you kidding? Lets stop the bulletin till we all without sin, lets quit the pulpit-inning. If we are going to hold one form Of entertainment responsible for our youths actions and values we should hold them all responsible. The Capital Journal article Hip-Hops Rap Sheet hit the nail on the head by saying rap is a scapegoat for a bigger problem. There are many different kinds of rap music. Some of it is not meant for the immature mind, it is the parents responsibility to determine the maturity level of todays teenager. Many children are left with a TV or video game as a babysitter. People tend to covet what they see. If rap videos and violent games are all teenagers see, that becomes the role model. With guidance teenagers will distinguish what is reality and what is parameterized for entertainment value. When raising children parents have a responsibility to plant the seed, water the seed, and nurture that seed until it has matured.If good morals and values are instilled in teenagers by the parents rap music can have the value it is meant to have, entertainment. Annotated Bibliography Belgrade, Shaming. Youth Violence Richness. Com. 15 Par. 2008. In this article the author Shaming Belgrade, Jar. Is states that the term black on black violence, has been change by the media to a more generic term youth violence. as a new approach toward old problem, rather than blaming award marginalia communities. He is saying in laymans terms he is saying that this problem has spread from the urban common unities to the suburban communities.

Free Essays on Lorenzo Lotto

LORENZO LOTTO Lorenzo Lotto born in 1480 and trained along side of Titian as well as Giorgione in the studio of Giovanni Bellini. Lorenzo Lotto was originally from Venice, however he spent most of his life active in Treviso, Bergamo, and Ancona where the portraits and religious paintings that he specialized in often were sold for higher prices than he would have received back in Venice. Lotto seemed to stray somewhat apart from the dominant Venetian artistic traditions and explored a variety of painters' styles. He did however assimilate the works of Titan as well as other Northern European artists such as Rapheal. But on the other hand his work shows great perceptiveness an awareness and individualism. He is perhaps best known for his portraits due to the ability to capture the real mood and personality of the person. Despite the wonderful portraits that he does I chose to critique one of his other paintings. I choice this perhaps because of my personal religious background or possibly because of the intense detail. I found myself looking threw an considerable amount of Lotto's paintings. A significant amount of these portraits were done to include the Madonna and child and many were done on commission and included some of those who paid him to do the paintings. I have chosen to critique "Madonna of the Rosary". Done is 1539 Oil on canvas 384x264cm(151.18x 103.94in)=(12.6x8.6ft). Church of San Nicolo,Cingoli. From his birth in the lower center circle to his crucifixion on the far right center. Piece by piece you can see the Detail and vivid color that he uses. He gives each picture an almost dream like sense with the blank stare that the figures have along with the earth tone colors. Take a good look at these unclose. These include a depiction of Jesus speaking to his disciples and his beating prior to his crucifixion. This second one includes Jesus and his journey to his crucifixion upon the cross. This circle includ... Free Essays on Lorenzo Lotto Free Essays on Lorenzo Lotto LORENZO LOTTO Lorenzo Lotto born in 1480 and trained along side of Titian as well as Giorgione in the studio of Giovanni Bellini. Lorenzo Lotto was originally from Venice, however he spent most of his life active in Treviso, Bergamo, and Ancona where the portraits and religious paintings that he specialized in often were sold for higher prices than he would have received back in Venice. Lotto seemed to stray somewhat apart from the dominant Venetian artistic traditions and explored a variety of painters' styles. He did however assimilate the works of Titan as well as other Northern European artists such as Rapheal. But on the other hand his work shows great perceptiveness an awareness and individualism. He is perhaps best known for his portraits due to the ability to capture the real mood and personality of the person. Despite the wonderful portraits that he does I chose to critique one of his other paintings. I choice this perhaps because of my personal religious background or possibly because of the intense detail. I found myself looking threw an considerable amount of Lotto's paintings. A significant amount of these portraits were done to include the Madonna and child and many were done on commission and included some of those who paid him to do the paintings. I have chosen to critique "Madonna of the Rosary". Done is 1539 Oil on canvas 384x264cm(151.18x 103.94in)=(12.6x8.6ft). Church of San Nicolo,Cingoli. From his birth in the lower center circle to his crucifixion on the far right center. Piece by piece you can see the Detail and vivid color that he uses. He gives each picture an almost dream like sense with the blank stare that the figures have along with the earth tone colors. Take a good look at these unclose. These include a depiction of Jesus speaking to his disciples and his beating prior to his crucifixion. This second one includes Jesus and his journey to his crucifixion upon the cross. This circle includ...

The Uses of The

The Uses of The The Uses of â€Å"The† The Uses of â€Å"The† By Maeve Maddox A reader has a question about the use of the definite article the: I have been searching without success for a good and thorough explanation of how and when to use the. I have an Iranian friend, and his English is excellent, save for his use of the. Neither he nor I have been able to find anything that clearly and comprehensively explains all of the different uses. Any suggestions? I doubt any source can be found that explains â€Å"all of the different uses of the clearly and comprehensively.† One researcher has called the English article system a psychomechanism, â€Å"a system through which native speakers use articles correctly but unconsciously.† The misuse of the does not impede communication, but it is a clue that an email purporting to be from an English-speaking friend supposedly stranded in a foreign country is a scam. The only suggestion I can offer about the use of the is that the secret lies in the concepts of definiteness and countability. Definiteness A noun has â€Å"definiteness† when there is something unique or specific about it. Here are some examples: The sun was worshipped by the ancient Aztecs. (In this context, sun is uncountable) The driver found an injured cat. He took the cat to an animal clinic. (First it’s â€Å"a cat,† one among many. Once mentioned, it’s â€Å"the cat,† the specific cat that was picked up by the motorist.) She’s waiting for the bus. (In this context, â€Å"the bus† is a service.) Other examples: We took the train to Chicago. I prefer the telephone to email. The Salvation Army feeds the hungry and ministers to the poor. (The is used with adjectives that are used as nouns to denote a group.) Countability Nouns are said to be countable or uncountable. Other terms are count nouns and noncount nouns. Because countable nouns can be counted, they have a singular and a plural form: one cat, two cats. The difficulty with this category is that some nouns can be both countable and uncountable, depending on context. Compare: Major crops are cotton and rice. Fido takes the cotton out of all his toys. You prepare the salad and I’ll cook the rice. I don’t much care for coffee. They ordered three coffees and a tea. Here, you take the coffee. I don’t want it. His brother is still looking for work. She quit her job because she didn’t like the work. ESL speakers struggling with the uses of the will benefit from the use of a dictionary designed for them. Regular dictionaries don’t always categorize nouns as to count and noncount, but beginners’ dictionaries do. Nouns that are usually noncount can be learned according to certain categories. For example: Agricultural crops: coffee, rice, sugar, etc. Natural phenomena: rain, snow, gravity, etc. Liquids: water, wine, blood, etc. Abstractions: honesty, courage, intelligence, etc. The British Council site offers a thorough discussion of the uses of the. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Based in" and "based out of"Homogeneous vs. HeterogeneousUsing Writing Bursts to Generate Ideas and Enthusiasm

Caffe Nero - 5 year Marketing Plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Caffe Nero - 5 year Marketing Plan - Coursework Example Today, millions of people across the globe enjoy a wide range of coffee products offered by Caffe Nero. The core value is to offer the customers with highest quality services and products to keep them staying again and again. Caffe Nero promoted a culture of progression and innovation and has generated around ?165.6 million GBP in 2011 (Caffe Nero website: Performance page). The company intends to grow its operations by setting up new outlets throughout the United Kingdom during next five years. Our vision is to entice locals from around the areas to come and try all the unique and delicious coffee and related food our shops have to offer. We want the atmosphere to be a family friendly environment in our coffee shops where people feel comfortable, hanging out, and having a good time, while having an up-class feel with different coffees and food available for customers to enjoy. This marketing plan has been prepared after analyzing various issues regarding the coffee industry in Unite d Kingdom. The main objective of this marketing plan is to highlight the critical issues for successful launching of new outlets of Caffe Nero in UK during next five years and to attain a competitive edge against well-established rivalries in the market. We believe that by getting crucial financial support through the sale within first two years, Caffe Nero will be able to capture 17-23% of the coffee shop industry in UK. The project has estimated that it will enjoy a 25 to 30% market share by the end of 2017. Market Analysis United Kingdom is going to be a new growing country of coffee drinkers as its coffee industry is one of the most competitive coffee industries in the world. The industry had done a business of around ?5.8 billion in the market which was an increment of 7.5% to the preceding year. The role of UK coffee industry is quite substantial in the overall economic growth of United Kingdom as the coffee chains support the strength of shopping malls as well as attract the customers towards other surrounding businesses. The UK coffee market consists of independent coffee outlets, branded chains, and non-specialized operators, making a combined total of about 15,723 coffee outlets in UK (companiesandmarkets.com). The competition is quite severe between different competitors especially Costa Coffee, Starbucks, and Caffe Nero are the three leading chains in the industry. Costa Coffee is leading the industry having a market share of 40.4% while Starbucks stands two with a share of 30.7%. Caffe Nero has a market share of 14% and is facing great competition from the other two rivals. Costa Coffee, Starbucks, and Caffe Nero have 1552, 757, and 530 outlets respectively and thus have more than 80% combined share of coffee market (Peach Report, July 2012). The competition is getting stronger day by day because the products are of similar nature; therefore, customers have numbers of choices to switch over from one brand or taste to the other. It is estimated tha t UK coffee market will exceed 20,000 outlets mark by the end of

Nursing Power Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing Power - Assignment Example Mrs. Jacksons’ tendency to favor other staff members is a likely reason for lack of motivation among staff members at the work place. Improper conflict resolution skills by nurse managers can be detrimental to the cooperation of members. Nurse Managers should adopt sound practices aimed at resolving any form of conflict at the workplace. Mrs. Jackson’s public humiliation of junior staff members depicts her poor conflict resolution skills. This is a most likely cause of underperformance of the employees. Junior members in the staff are likely to keep any information that may contribute to conflict resolution for fear of Mrs. Jackson’s demeaning treatments. Optimal team functioning in any nursing environment is achievable when leaders create perfect work environments (Cummings et al., 2009). Staff satisfaction is among the top considerations that nursing managers should ensure in the working environment. Nursing managers should focus on developing proper relationsh ips with staff members. This increases the level of satisfaction of the nursing workforce (Cummings et al., 2009). As Nicol (2012) identifies, collaboration between leaders and members of the nursing staff is necessary in improving service delivery. Education and training of staff members is vital in achieving a working environment that delivers quality services. Developing a definite framework for operation is important in ensuring a coordinated staff. Integration between nursing managers and staff members is critical in any nursing environment (Nicol, 2012). This helps harness leadership skills and promotes harmony and coordination among the members of the staff. This also ensures to the realization of quality service and full utilization of the expertise of the staff members. Strategies that offer platforms of addressing nursing concerns are instrumental in ensuring a good working environment. These include committees set to solve conflicts among members of the staff. Poor leader ship by nursing managers of nursing staff affects the quality of service delivery. Supervisors of nursing managers should ensure set up actions that address any concern of underperformance of nursing managers. The case of Mrs. Jacksons involves underperformance in executing the roles of nursing manager. Her supervisor can explore strategies that promote educational and professional skills development. The supervisor can recommend training sessions for Mrs. Jacksons to enhance her leadership skills. The supervisor can appoint a nursing practice committee to assess the performance of Mrs. Jacksons. The practice committee should make possible recommendations on the best remedy to ensure Mrs. Jacksons performs her duty. Re-establishing the strategies of monitoring the performance of Mrs. Johnsons can help improve her management of the unit. Involving the staff members in monitoring the performance of Mrs. Jacksons can improve her performance level. Staff members’ complaints are c redible avenues of assessing the performance of Mrs. Jacksons. The supervisor, therefore, can address the concerns in a timely manner to avoid the lack of motivation among the staff members. In situations when all options are inapplicable, the supervisor can reinstate Mrs. Johnsons. Observations can be appropriate in monitoring the

Panera Bread Case Essay Example for Free

Panera Bread Case Essay The Au Bon Pain Bakery was first opened in 1976 to fulfill the concept of a fast casual restaurant. Following a period of debt; the Cookie Jar Bakery owned by Ronald Shaich and Aub Bon Pain Bakery owned by Louis Kane merged to become Au Bon Pain Co. Inc. in 1981. In 1985 after noticing customers buying bread and adding their own sandwich meat, the company decided to add fresh made sandwiches to their menu to capitalize on the profit. After going public in 1991, Shaich decided that in order to expand the purchase of the St. Louis Bread Company was paramount. Au Bon Pain or â€Å"where good bread is† would eventually become Panera Bread Company in 1999(Thomas L. Wheelen and J). Panera Bread Company would become the leader in fast casual dining; combining the ease of fast food with the quality of the restaurant experience and a coffee shop atmosphere. Noticing the needs of businessmen for having a place to meet and dine simultaneously; Panera developed its business to meet five different â€Å"meals†; breakfast, lunch, daytime â€Å"chillout†, lunch in the evening, and take-home bread(Thomas L.  Wheelen and J). As a result of Panera’s ingenuity; it became the leader in a bakery-cafe style restaurant providing fresh-baked goods, made-to-order sandwiches, soups, salads, and coffee (Thomas L. Wheelen and J). Panera Bread Company’s growth and success was the direct result of the standards set by Au Bon Pain in its identification as the pioneer in the fast casual restaurant category. Having met four criteria including: a limited service or self service style, pricing that fell between fast food and casual dining, made-to-order food with complex flavors, and upscale decor much like that of a neighborhood bistro; Panera quickly grew and gained profit and continues to flourish today. Panera enjoyed total revenues in 2011 of $1,822,032,000 as reported to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and net income of $135, 952,000. First and foremost I feel that Panera’s effort to sponsor charities is quite commendable, there truly is no better way to gain recognition or compete with similar businesses than to give to charity. This year a local restaurant in Oak Harbor hosted a pig roast as a means for collecting donations to charities in the area. The amount collected and distributed to local charities by the owner of the local restaurant was published in our local paper. As a result of his efforts, he has gained recognition and people are honored to eat in his restaurant. An ever developing menu is also a good way to gain recognition, however I feel that this method could possibly pose issues like the ones seen with fast food chains when they discontinue a favorite sandwich or drink. Many times a fast food joint has a special new drink or sandwich and after a month do away with it. This is frustrating to the customers because they enjoyed the new item and wish to continue purchasing. If proper research is not done to decide whether or not to keep a menu item, business could suffer. An identifiable image is definitely a good way to promote a business, yet I don’t feel that it would be the right move considering the style of business Panera is trying to continue. Most images such as McDonald’s golden arches, and Applebees’ flaming apple tend to scream fast food. While Applebees may not be considered by many as fast food, it tends to fall further down the list in quality than many of our local restaurants. Here in Oak Harbor we have restaurants that are well-known in the community such as Frasier’s and Flyers which do not have specific signage to identify them. Instead these businesses are advertised through word of mouth, and advertising on the actual store front. 2) Schaich would often do the opposite of his competition during periods of economic downturn. While many of his competitors slashed prices and offered extensive discounts, Panera doubled its prices on bagels and soups. This strategy was fundamental to the success of Panera. What would increasing prices during recession be a strategy that worked for Panera? What other strategies might be helpful in maintaining the competitive edge during a recession? I believe the reason Panera was most successful by increasing prices instead of lowering them during recession is the fact that they offered high quality product. Another reason I believe this strategy worked is because it offered consumers an outlet for the stress associated with recession. Had Panera lowered its prices while still offering high quality, it would have been a reminder of the worsening economic condition and perceived as not at all favorable to Panera’s high-end consumers. It is my belief that another strategy that could be beneficial to Panera during recession is acquisition. If Panera were to acquire another company that produces bakery products comparable to Panera, it might broaden its consumer base and possibly expand to more locations. This strategy would reduce competition by consuming the other company’s customer base. The other company would most likely jump at the chance to sell given the economic downturn. Overall this strategy would be helpful in eliminating competition as well as expanding Panera’s locations. 3) In 2003 Panera Bread Company initiated for unit general managers and multi-unit managers to own a majority interest in their business (Thomas L. Wheelen and J). This practice was designed to assist in enrichment of the consumer experience because the people working the bakery-cafes were experienced as well as motivated. In what other ways might Panera motivate its employees and franchise owners? Should Panera better their part-time employee benefits? I believe giving managers a share is a good step in the right direction, it gives them a reason to do their very best for the business. I agree with Panera’s idea of having experienced and knowledgeable employees at the forefront of the business. A competent business is more likely to prosper and draw consumers than a company that employs people with no knowledge of their product. As for additional forms of motivation, I would have to say that first and foremost an employee discount would be a great incentive for employees. This form of motivation would be valuable to employees who truly believed in Panera and its quality. Another great motivator for employees would be charity donation matching. If Panera were to offer its employee of the month the opportunity to have Panera match any and all of his/her donations to charity either in product or funds; this may also motivate employees that are in line with Panera’s values to do their very best. There is a sense of pride in belonging to a company that takes CSR seriously, by voicing this value Panera is more likely to find employees that share in their spirit. Far too often employee burnout becomes a real issue in service related businesses. I think that Panera should offer sabbaticals to employees who wish to work on community service projects. Not only with a break from everyday routine aid in preventing burnout, extra community service will get the brand name out there, and employees will feel that they did something positive and in line with Panera’s values. I believe Panera should have definitely looked at increasing part-time employees’ benefits. Their part-time employees are stated to be at around 13,200, which is significantly higher than their full-time employees. These part-time employees therefore have a significant impact on the success of the business. Keeping in line with Panera’s idea of investing in the business to benefit the consumer, offering better benefits to part-time employees would ensure that employees felt valued and in turn would provide better service.

Nonprofit Organizations Essays -- Papers Not for Profit Business Essay

Nonprofit Organizations I. Introduction: Why do Nonprofit organizations exist and what do they do. II. Planning in Nonprofit organizations 1. The importance of planning 2. Steps in planning a. setting goals b. identifying the needs of those whom the goals will serve c. developing and defining specific role and mission of organization d. specific organizational objectives e. setting priorities f. measuring results III. Budgeting Nonprofit organizations 1. Importance of budgeting 2. Steps in budget process a.defining mission objectives b.projecting expenditures based on available revenues c.reporting and control IV. Funding Nonprofit organizations 1. How Nonprofit organization get their money. V. Managing Nonprofit organizations 1. Total Quality Management VI. Summary The non-profit sector is based on two philosophical concepts: voluntarism and market failure economies. Voluntarism is applied ethics, moral philosophy and action for the benefit of the public, and market failure economics explains the existence of non-profits. The government simply cannot provide or perform services for everyone. Non-profit organizations are everywhere. Wherever there are people there are non-profit organizations. Non-profit, or Not-for-Profit organizations exist to perform or provide services. Whether provided by a public organization or agency, or a private organization or agency, they serve a purpose. Government, educational institutions, community organizations and health care facilities are all examples of non-profit organizations. They are very different in size, some are small neighborhood grassroots organizations with only a few employees and little mo... ... four functions of non-profit organizations are extremely important for the survival and future of an organization, and for the quality of services to be provided by an organization. Bibliography: 1. Gies, David L., Ott, J. Stephen, Shafritz, Jay M. The Nonprofit Organization: Essential Readings. California: Brooks/Cole, 1990. 2. Grayson, Leslie E., Tompkins, Curtis J.. Management of Public Sector and Nonprofit Organizations. Reston, Virginia: Reston Publishing Co., 1984. 3. Herman, Robert D. The Jossey-Bass Handbook of Nonprofit Leadership and Management. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass publishers, 1994. 4. Lee, James C. Do or Die: Survival for Nonprofits. Washington D.C.: Taft Products, Inc. 1974 5. Powell, James Lawrence. Pathways to Leadership: How to Achieve and Sustain Success. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass publishers, 1995

Considerations for Child Development †Middle Childhood Essay

Physical development is concerned with the biological changes of the body and the brain. It includes genetics, a foetus’s growth in the mother’s womb, the birth process, brain development and the acquisition of fine motor skills; it also encompasses behaviours that promote and impede health and environmental factors that influence physical growth. (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 5). I have chosen to evaluate the physical developmental stage of middle childhood, children the ages of six to ten years of age. This essay discusses the considerations for physical development and how it can be supported in the learning environment. It will look at motor development and its influences, the benefits of physical activity, and the consequences of inactivity. How a student’s physical development can facilitate or restrict development in other areas, and how we can support the physical needs and development of students. Read more:  Factors that influence child development essay Generally, children will develop their motor skills at them same time in life, however there are other factors that influence this development e. . a child’s environmental influences, (nurture) and also inherited characteristics and tendencies (nature). There are many things a teacher can do to facilitate a student’s basic cognitive process, they can help children pay attention to things that are important for them to remember; e. g. completing homework tasks, throwing litter in the bin, raising their hand and waiting before they speak in class. Introducing new information to the students existing knowledge will help them to continue to improve and learn. In middle childhood, children start to improve further on their fine motor skills, their handwriting becomes smaller, smoother and more consistent, and they will also start to participate in such fine motor activities as sewing, model building and arts and crafts projects. They will also intensify their speed, and coordination in running kicking, catching and dribbling. (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 161) In the case of infants and young children, teachers should try to provide a variety of sensory experiences, to facilitate a student’s motor development. It is very important to gain a balance of physical activity as well as class room work for a healthy all round child of this age group. Regular physical activity can benefit students by actually increasing their attention to more cognitively demanding tasks (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 172), in most cases if a child has a chance to be active and move around, they may be better able to prepare and settle into their theory work. Sport is another way that physical activity can benefit children. During Middle Childhood children begin to be more interested and start to excel in sport and athletics. Both organised and individual sports can be a good way to help maintain and enhance a child’s physical strength, endurance and agility. It can also promote social development by fostering communication, cooperation, and leadership skills (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 171). ‘The reality is that appearance is influential in social relationships, and it does affect how children feel about themselves’ (Chu, 2000; Dohnt & Tiggermann, 2006b; Harter, 1999. ). Regular physical activity can help improve a child’s fitness, and help to maintain their weight and physical appearance, therefore making them feel better about themselves. Prolonged inactivity can result in weight gain, therefore effecting a student’s social emotional development. Being overweight or obese is a serious health risk in childhood. It predicts health problems in adulthood (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 189). Prolonged inactivity can cause lack of motivation and a decline in a child’s self-confidence. This is particularly important as during Middle Childhood, children start to develop friendships and internalise many of society’s rules and prohibitions (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 29). If a child fails to be physically active on a regular basis, e. g. staying indoors and watching television or playing computer games all day, it can restrict them from being social and forming important relationships and friendships. Prolonged physical inactivity can also affect a child’s concentration and participation during learning tasks. Over a period of time this could result in poor academic results. During middle childhood, children place great emphasis on the development of their own physical ability (parenting and child health, â€Å"http:/www. cyh. com/HealthTopics†). It is important as a teacher to try to focus on a student’s individual needs, encourage them to compete against themselves rather than their peers; this will help promote good self-confidence and will have an all-round good effect on other areas of their development. The rate of development differs considerably with differences partly the result of genetic diversity (nature), and partly a result of personal choices and environment (nurture) (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 176). If a child is brought up in an environment that promotes healthy eating and exercise they will generally be in better physical state of health. Physical development can also promote social-emotional development by fostering communication; cooperation and leadership skills (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 171); this can affect the child by making them feel more confident, motivated and be better prepared to form social relationships. However, for a child who does not have regular access to a healthy diet and a safe place for physical activity, this can lead to weight gain and obesity therefore restricting their social-emotional development, lowering their self-esteem, motivation and restricting their ability to form social relationship and friendships. A child’s motor skills can also be restricted by a lack of environmental support, if they are not provided with ample opportunity to practice their motor skills, whether it be through organised sport activities, or regular practice with mum or dad, they can fall behind on mastering these skills and allowing more complex skills to emerge (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 176). It is important for a child to have a good balance both in school and at home and in their community, with both learning and physical activities. Physical activity is essential for children, you can help to facilitate this by being pro-active, trying to provide frequent opportunities for students to be physically active through the day, e. g. break up theory work with a few minutes of physical movement, this will help them to better concentrate on the next learning task. Aim to make exercise challenging, but enjoyable, change team members around frequently to ensure all students are equally participating and try to provide all children with a role. Providing a safe environment and ensuring children use appropriate equipment for their age will help to minimise the risk of injury (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 185). In the case of a teacher having a student with special needs, providing they have permission, they should educate the other students on their condition and explain the nature of the disability; this will help the other children to be more accepting. There are many things a teacher can do to accommodate and support the physical needs and development of students. It is important to encourage every child to participate in all activities to the fullest extent possible, in a practice called inclusion; children with special needs joined their non-disabled peers in everyday school activities (Logan, Alberto, Kana & Waylor-Bowen, 1994; Sailsbury, Evans, & Palombaro, 1997). Engaging with parents and guardians can help give a teacher insight and suggestions into any adjustments that would help the child participate more fully in activities (McDevitt &Ormrod, 2010, p. 185). In middle childhood, children are increasingly comparing and often critical of themselves and their peers, a teacher should try to focus on and meet a student’s individual needs and aim for them to be competitive with themselves, rather than their peers e. g. aiming to beat their personal best score or time. This will help boost their confidence and give them a drive to do better next time. Thoughtful attention to children’s physical needs can enhance children’s health, well-being, and ability to focus on their schoolwork. Such short-term effects pay dividends for future health, because good habits in childhood pave the way to health living later in life (McDevitt & Ormrod, 2010, p. 186). It is always important for a teacher to pay such close attention to the children’s needs due to the fact that the impact of either class room learning or physical activity can both heavily shape their futures, or take from their quality of life in the future. In summary, for the Middle Childhood developmental stage that has been selected for the purpose of this assignment, there are many considerations for physical development and how the physical needs of students in the learning environment can be accommodated. A teacher can promote self –esteem and self-confidence making and engage with parents and guardians in order to successfully aid the child. Children can display a decline in self-confidence; this can be identified particularly in a child who does not have regular access to a healthy diet and a safe place for physical activity. It is therefore paramount to a child’s development that a teacher does actively encourage every child to participate in all activities to the fullest extent possible. It is in the best interest of the children for the teacher to incorporate a healthy balance of physical activity in with academic activity.

A Team in a Slump

For someone who is not much of a sports fan as he claims himself to be, Richard Cohen is the most unlikely person to write about the parallelisms of a Knicks’ season and the Iraq War.For Cohen, a game and a war must   both be won.   He disagrees with Vince Lombardi with the latter’s famous quote that winning is not the only thing.   He is more in agreement with Henry Ford about learning more from failures than in successes.Cohen cited the New York Knicks as having the highest paid players in the league, including those who sit it out in crucial games.   The bench warmers have $53 million contracts.   He thinks the figure to be pretty expensive for a ball club finishing at the bottom notch of the Eastern Conference.Cohen likewise called to mind Gil Hodges of the Dodgers who performed below expectations in 1952 and was for an uncomfortable length of time on such a sudden decline, or on a slump.   Hodges was well-loved, extremely good and quite strong.   But as most people would say then, things happen.   Things were not always within one’s control.The Cohen essay is also about George W. Bush once the owner of the Texas Rangers.   Owning a ball club before, Cohen believes that Bush should have known that as in the case of the Knicks, money nor power, does not a winner make.  Ã‚     In Iraq, even with all its resources America is ineffective.   It is like the Knicks on a slump.Cohen wrote, â€Å"It’s not the bench that needs to be replaced.   It’s the front office.†Ã‚   The reason for the defeat is not because the players or the soldiers are not that good, it is more of the person owning the ball club or the commander in chief from whom the orders are coming being incapable of leading his team to victory.   What it takes to win, the man in charge should know.This may be a different way to look at the much-debated Iraq War, at a sports angle with   a sports analysis on the side.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Rich ard Cohen, from his own admission is an occasional sports fan.For the most part of his essay, one would not easily find a connection between a team in a slump and a protracted war, between a former ball club owner and a president who calls the shots in Iraq.   For the average American who has a home team to root for he would understandably like to separate his sports from his politics.   As for Cohen, he should shoot from another angle.Works CitedCohen, Richard. â€Å"A Team in a Slump.† 20 April 2006.   Washington Post Writers Group. 15 May 2007

Catcher in the Rye & The Fall essays

Catcher in the Rye & The Fall essays In Catcher in the Rye, Holden Caulfield struggles to accept the idea that a Fall is inevitable until he experiences one of his own. The Fall is the loss of innocence and the first encounter with "deceit, duplicity, and evil" in the world. It is a process necessary to "psychological growth" that must be experienced by everyone. Holden is unable to accept this idea and responds by retreating into his own oversimplified view of the world. Holden separates his environment into two groups of people: the innocent, the children, those who have not fallen, and the adults, the superficial, the "phonies," those who have experienced a fall. The turning point for this is adolescence. Holden desires to protect children and himself from going through a Fall, and is willing to do anything to achieve his goal. He fantasizes of becoming the "Catcher in the Rye," protecting innocent children from falling off an imaginary cliff. Holden wants to shield these children from the cruelties of change and the adult world. He wants his world to stay the same, just like the world in the museum, but does not realize that with the Fall comes maturity and an inevitable sense of ones life being lived. Holdens view of the Fall involves the loss of purity for corruption and evil while it is actually the gain of knowledge through experience. In order to have a Fall, one must first go through an Encounter. Holden experiences this when he passes out in the museum. After he rises, he says that he feels better. Even though the Fall involves pain, it is necessary and creates a new condition, the condition of being Fallen. Holden leaves the tomb in this state, and begins to let go of his idea of the world as a "timeless world where the sunrise is always the same. Holden has an Encounter, experiences a Fall, and gains knowledge from it. Like the Adam figure, the g...

The Complete Guide to AP Environmental Science FRQs

The Complete Guide to AP Environmental Science FRQs SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP Environmental Science is one of the most popular AP classes, but it has the lowest average score among test takers. In fact, more than half of students who take the exam don’t pass it.Oftentimes, the hardest part of the exam is the free-response section which students struggle with because they aren’t sure what to expect or what information graders are looking for.Fortunately, this guide can help. I’ll go over each type of AP Environmental Science FRQ, give sample problems and explanations, and end with tips you should follow in order to get your best score. What’s the Format of the AP Environmental Science Free-Response Section? On the day of the AP exam, your test will have two sections. First, you will have 90 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions, then you’ll move onto the free-response section. Here's the format of the free-response section: 90 minutes total No calculator allowed Includes four questions: 1 document-based question The document-based question will give you a document or an excerpt from a document and ask you questions based on information it contains. The document can be a newspaper article, brochure, or something similar. 1 data set question This question will include data you must analyze and interpret. The data may be in a table, graph, chart, or stated within the question. Parts of the question will require calculations; parts will not. 2 synthesis and evaluation questions These are similar to the document-based question, except they won’t include outside documents. They sometimes include graphs or tables, however, you won’t be expected to do calculations for these types of questions. The free-response section is worth a total of 40% of your score. Most questions are worth 9-11 points, but each question is weighted equally, so each of the four questions will be worth 10% of your final score. In the free-responsesection, you’re expected to show reasoning and analytical skills, as well as the ability to synthesize information from multiple sources into coherent essays. AP Environmental Science FRQExamples Below are each of the three types of free-response questions you’ll see on the AP exam. For each question, I’ll go through the answer step-by-step so you can see how points are earned. Document-Based Question You’ll know the document-based question because it is typically the first question asked and it’ll have that â€Å"torn piece of paper† graphic you see above.Fortunately, compared to many other AP tests, the documents on AP Enviro exams tend to be quite short and there’s only one, so you should be able to read through it quickly.In this case, it looks like the document is part of an article from the Fremont Examiner that was printed in May 2013. Part A: Part A is worth four points: You’ll earn a point for each of the two activities you list and a point for each of the two explanations you give on how the activity alters sediment flow. In order to earn the full four points, the two activities must be reasonable human activities that can alter natural sediment flow, and your explanations must accurately explain how each activity would change the flow of sediment. There are a lot of different answers you could put; here’s a sample answer: Activity 1: Building Dams. Effect on flow of sediments: Building dams could block the flow of sediments from upstream, which would then decrease the sediment downstream of the dam and potentially starve the coast of nutrients. Building dams can also prevent flooding that would allow sediment to be deposited on the floodplain as well as decrease increase flow velocity which can increase erosion downstream. Activity 2: Water Extraction. Effect on flow of sediments: Overuse or over pumping of water can reduce river flows, which in turn decreases the sediment load to the Gulf. Note that you don’t have to write complete paragraphs for every question. It’s enough to clearly label the different parts of your answer and give a thorough explanation. Part B: Part B is worth two points, one point for each description. (Be aware that they’re asking for ecological impacts, not economic impacts). A potential answer could be: 1. Loss of coastal habitats that certain plant and animal species need to survive 2. Increased flooding of coastal wetlands due to the loss of beaches and barrier islands For this answer, you don’t even need to give complete sentences. For the free-response section, don’t add a lot of fluff to your answers thinking it’ll raise your score. Graders are looking for specific points, and the easier you make it to find your answers, the easier they’ll be able to award you points. Part C: Part C has three different parts within it; let’s break them down one by one. (i)This part is worth two points, and you get them just by listing two environmental impacts fertilizer has on the Gulf of Mexico’s marine ecosystem.Potential answer: Increased algae growth and lower dissolved oxygen (ii)This is almost the same as the above question, except now you’re listing economic instead of environmental impacts.Potential answer: decreased property values and increased seafood prices due to lower seafood supply. (iii)For the final part of this question, worth one point, you have to give a strategy to reduce the flow of nutrients into the Mississippi River (besides reducing fertilizer).Potential answer: Add green roofs to reduce runoff. As you’ve probably noticed, document-based questions are pretty straightforward and can usually be answered in a few words or a sentence or two. The key is to pay attention to exactly what the question is asking, going into enough depth to completely answer the question, and making it easy for graders to find each of your answers to the different parts of the question. Make it easy for the graders to find your answers. Data Set Question This is when you'll need to do some calculations. As a reminder, no calculator is allowed on this exam. The good news is that this means that the calculations you’ll need to complete will likely be much simpler than those of other AP science exams. Typically, you’ll only need to complete simple algebraic expressions to solve the problem. Part A: For the first part of this question, worth two points, you don’t need to do any calculations; you just need to list two pollutants that fit the description in the question. Examples: fertilizers, animal feces, pesticides, gasoline, road salts, etc. Part B: Here’s where you’ll complete your first calculation. You can earn one point for correctly setting up the question (so be sure to show your work!) and one point for the correct answer. This is a basic volume question. To answer it, you’ll need to know that the volume of a rectangular solid (which is roughly the shape of most parking lots) is length * width * height. From the question, we know that length= 200m and width=100m, and since we’re calculating based on a 5cm rainfall, width = 5cm. However, these measurements don’t all have the same unit! Before we calculate volume, we have to convert 5cm to meters. 5cm * (1m/100cm)= 0.05m Since there are 100 cm in a meter, this is a pretty simple calculation, but don’t be tempted to skip it and just writedown .05m. Be sure to show your work! If you don’t, you won’t get the maximum number of points. Now that we have all the pieces of info we need, with the correct units, we can plug those numbers into the volume equation: V= 200m * 100m * .05m = $\1000m^{3}$ Part C: You’ll need to complete another volume calculation for this part. This question wants to know the volume of runoff for the entire community, not just the parking lot. As in Part B, this question is also worth two points, one for correctly setting up the question and one for giving the correct answer. We’ll still use our handy V=lwh equation to find the volume of a rectangular solid. We know that the area of Fremont (so length * width) is $\10km^{2}$ , which we’ll need to convert to $\m^{2}$ $\10km^{2}$ * ($\1,000,000m^{2}$/1 $\km^{2}$) = $\10,000,000m^{2}$ We know that height is still .05m, based on part B, so now we can plug our numbers into the volume equation. V = $\10,000,000m^{2}$ * .05m = $\500,000m^{3}$ But, we’re not done yet! Remember, only 20% is covered by impervious surfaces, which we are told to assume are the only areas that generate runoff.So, first, we have to figure out the area of impervious surfaces in Fremont. This just involves finding 20% of Fremont’s total volume: $\500,000m^{3}$ * 0.2= $\100,000m^{3}$ Part D: Part D is worth one point, and, to get that point, you have to give the correct answer with your work shown.This is another question about volumes, but you don’t need to calculate any volumes this time, you just have to do some simple addition and subtraction. Since the treatment plant can treat up to $\10,000m^{3}$ of sewage and storm water a day, and it receives $\5,000m^{3}$ of sewage daily, the runoff that bypasses the plant is the amount of total runoff plus the $\5,000m^{3}$ of regular sewage minus the $\10,000m^{3}$ that would get treated. Runoff that bypasses the plant = Total runoff + $\5,000m^{3}$ - $\10,000m^{3}$ We calculated runoff from the parking lot and the community in part c ($\100,000m^{3}$), so we just need to plug that value in. Runoff that bypasses the plant = $\100,000m^{3}$ + $\5,000m^{3}$ - $\10,000m^{3}$ = $\95,000m^{3}$ Part E: Possible answers: Create wetlands to absorb storm water Install rain barrels and cisterns to collect storm water Install green roofs or rooftop gardens to use storm water Part F: To earn part F’s one point, you must give an environmental problem that occurs when there are extensive paved areas. Possible answers: Erosion caused by flooding or excess runoff Habitat destruction caused by the removal of vegetation Hopefully this sewer is better-prepared for storm water than Fremont's sewer system is. Synthesis and Evaluation Question As a reminder, there are two synthesis and evaluation questions on each AP exam. Here's an example of one: Part A: You can earn up to two points, one for each characteristic. Possible answers:Complex food webs, greater genetic diversity, large number of different species Part B: Part B is worth four points, one point for each activity you provide (up to two) and one point for correctly explaining how each activity results in a loss of biodiversity. Note that you’ll have to use your answers forthis part to come up with your answer for part C, so you may want to take that into account when you’re thinking about which activities to list. This is part of the reason why skimming through the entire question before you begin answering can be very helpful! Possible answers: Activity 1: Logging/deforestation. Explanation: Reduces habitat for many species and causes habitat fragmentation. Activity 2: Introduction of invasive species. Explanation: Displaces native species. Part C: Here you can earn two points, one for each reasonable solution you give for the activities you listed in part b. Possible answers: Activity 1: Logging/deforestation. Solution: Replant trees; engage in selective cutting. Activity 2: Introduction of invasive species. Solution: Create checkpoints for agricultural inspections; create stricter laws on the import of exotic species. Part D: To earn the one point for part D, you need to correctly describe a naturally occurring factor that could lead to a loss of biodiversity. Possible answers: Wildfires can wipe out small populations Hurricanes/tsunamis can destroy estuaries and coastal ecosystems Droughts can cause some species to lose their food sources Part E: Part E is worth two points, one for each ecological benefit you list. Possible answers: Greater control of pest species Water filtration by intact ecosystems More source material for evolution Here's a pest you'd probably like to control. Tips for Solving AP Enviro Free-Response Questions The AP Environmental Science FRQs often trip students up, and, for most questions, the average score is 30-40%. Below are some tips you should keep in mind while studying as well as when you’re taking the test to help you improve your chances of scoring well on this section. 1. Figure OutHow Long You Want to Spend on Each Question Before You Begin You will have 90 minutes to complete the entire free-response section, which gives you about 22 minutes per question.However, you don’t need to spend exactly the same amount of time on each question. In fact, you can divide your time between the four essays any way you want. Some people spend longer on the data set question due to the calculations involved, while others find that the quickest question and take longer to answer questions that require complete sentences or paragraphs.You may spend 15 minutes on one question and close to a half-hour on another. The best way to learn which questions take you longer is to complete a lot of practice problems, which we’ll discuss in the next section. Once you’re comfortable with each type of free-response question, you can go into exam day knowing about how long you want to spend on each question. Also, you absolutely don’t have to answer the questions in order. When you start the section, give them a quick look-through and decide which one you’d like to answer first. A lot of people choose to start with the question they are most confident with so that they’ll (hopefully) have extra time at the end for questions they find trickier. 2. Be Comfortable Solving Equations Without a Calculator AP Environmental Science is the only AP science exam where you cannot use a calculator for the free-response section, which includes the data set question.As you saw above, none of the calculations you’ll need to do are particularly tricky, but if you’re slow at mental math, you could waste a lot of time you’ll need to complete the three other questions in this section. Once again, the best way to prepare for this is to practice. Complete plenty of data set practice problems without a calculator so that you get used to quickly doing math by hand.You don’t want all your hand-earned knowledge to be wasted come test day when you find yourself struggling to solve equations. 3. Keep Your Units Straight My final tip also applies primarily to the data set question. As you saw in the sampleproblem, questions often includemultiple types of units. The sample problem had centimeters, meters, and kilometers.Making a careless error and reading â€Å"5cm† as â€Å"5m† will cost you points on the exam. When you take the test, be sure to pay attention to every unit that you see. Circle or underline the units if you have to in order to make them stand out.Also, you should be a pro at converting between units. You don’t want to waste time trying to remember how many meters are in a kilometer; it should be something you know off the top of your head. Now, even after you’ve become a unit expert, don’t forget to show your work when you convert from one unit to the next. Even if the process of going from meters to kilometers seems ridiculously obvious to you and doesn’t seem like it warrants being written out, do it anyway! Typically, half the points you earn on calculation problems are from showing your work, so don’t let a bit of laziness lower your score. How to Practice Free-Response Questions After reading this far, you now know all the basics of the AP Environmental Science free-response section.However, the way to really conquer the test and get a high score is to become an expert! How can you do that? The best way is to complete lots of practice problems. On their website, the College Board has links to all the previously given free-response questions for exams from 1999-2015.That means you have dozens of official free-response questions to look over and practice.Because there are so many free-response problems, you can begin completing practice problems a few months into your class (say around November) and continuing up until the AP exam. At the beginning of the year, when you’re still learning a lot of the course material, you can read through the questions to find the ones that focus on topics you’ve already covered.In order to get the most of these practice problems, use a timer and give yourself the same timing limitations the real exam will have. Also, no calculator! Conclusion The free-response section of the AP Environmental Science exam is often challenging for students, but becoming familiar with it can go a long way to helping you get a higher score. The free-response section contains four questions: 1 document-based question 1 data set question 2 synthesis and evaluation questions You’ll have 90 minutes to complete this section, and it’s worth 40% of your total score. Also, no calculators are allowed. To maximize your chances of doing well keep these three tips in mind: Figure out how long to spend on each question before you begin Be comfortable solving equations without a calculator Keep your units straight Also, remember to complete lots of practice problems so you’ll feel confident and prepared on the day of the exam. What's Next? Want some more practice materials for AP Enviro? We've got 'em! Check out our guide with links to every AP Environmental Science practice test and quiz available online (coming soon). Now you know what the free-response section will be like, but how do you review for AP Enviro? Our guide walks you through each step of creating a study plan that will pinpoint what you need to study. Wondering when you should start studying for AP Enviro and other AP exams?In our guide, we help you figure out exactly when you need to start cracking open those review books. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Analysis and explanation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis and explanation - Essay Example The events and situations taking place in the book are also important and they include: meeting Sharraf, killing of the wild animals, and the railway incident among other minor ones like the journey itself, the terrains and the insecurity. Lawrence the townsman (who is the main story teller and the one being taken on this tedious journey through harsh, unfriendly and uninhabitable land to go meet Sharraf) is relentless despite the rough terrain of this dessert to go find Sharraf and discuss undisclosed business. Since this land is very harsh not only from the unbearable weather which is marked by scotching sun, terrible winds and extreme heat, but also in terms of insecurity. There seems to be an ongoing war between the Arabs and the Turks. It is as a result of this insecurity that Lawrence hires several men to accompany him in his entourage for the sake of protection because a large number of these Arabs could easily defeat the Turks if they met them (and they did meet a group on their journey back from visiting Sharraf but they were few men and when they opened fire at Lawrence’s entourage, they got a dose of their own medicine and they saw that they were quickly outnumbered and they fled). Auda is the guide of the entourage as he is very familiar with that terrain despite it being a dessert. He is an interesting individual and very friendly towards Lawrence even trying to teach him their language which Lawrence is not very fluent in and hence cannot effectively communicate. The Arab scout’s familiarity with the area is also portrayed when he recalls the name of almost each and every place they pass during their journey which is quite interesting and amazing (Lawrence 164). The roughness of the dessert terrain with deep feet-sinking sand and rocks is an indication of how terrible that place is and it is no wonder the means or travel is through camels (in spite of the insecurity). In some locations, they have to go

To examine what entrepreneurial activities Abbey properties UK used to Thesis

To examine what entrepreneurial activities Abbey properties UK used to survive the recession from 2007 - 2010 - Thesis Example In this paper, we are going to examine what entrepreneurial activities Abbey properties UK used to survive the recession from 2007 – 2010. The main objective is to find out what challenges business, then real estate companies face during and as a result of the recession. The paper will as well look at entrepreneurial strategies put in place by small real estate companies in the UK to counter effect of recession and provide a model that can aid the understanding of entrepreneurial activities practices by real estate firms. Abbey Properties is a big, well founded, independent real estate agency. The agency has been in operation for over 27 years covering areas in North West and Central London. Abbey Properties specializes in residential sale, residential lettings of properties, residential/commercial development of houses, full property management and management of overseas client accounts. The agency has a team of 17 employees, always focusing on customer service inline with the agency’s aim â€Å"to take the stress and anxiety out of your property transaction† (Abbey Properties, 2011). More so, the employees are friendly and well experienced ready to help the clients before and after business transactions to ensure that the clients receive high quality service. Abbey Properties deals in all types of property and promises to offer unrivalled services (Abbey Properties, 2011). Market experts in the real estate industry projected that in 2008; nearly 15,000 estate agents lost their work in UK due to recession (Turner 2008; 65). The expert went further to predict that the industry would loss about 40,000 jobs in a period of five years from 2008 (2009-2013) (Newman, 2011; 186). According to the Centre for Economists and Business Research (CEBR), the years during recession and even after recession were difficult ones to the industry. The only relief for the industry is the understanding that, whereas property

Biology - Down's Syndrome Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Biology - Down's Syndrome - Term Paper Example Despite the alleged incurable nature of Down’s syndrome, it is possible that the fields of pharmacology and medicine have surely come up with ways to alleviate its symptoms as well as to be able to learn further about the disease. In fact, research through the medical and scientific databases on the latest scientific breakthroughs concerning Down’s syndrome resulted in the discovery of five journal articles relating the most recent breakthroughs on the disease. Review of Literature The study of Bradeau et al. conducted in Paris, France in 2011 is entitled â€Å"Specific targeting of the GABA-A receptor ÃŽ ±5 subtype by a selective inverse agonist restores cognitive deficits in Down syndrome mice.† Based on the results of this study, one reason why there is an altered brain function among individuals with Down’s syndrome is that there is a chemical imbalance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters. One inhibitory transmitter, GABA or gamma-aminobutyric acid seems to occur in large amounts in the nervous system of Down’s syndrome patients and thus causes a relatively great amount of inhibition of certain cognitive functions among them. The study then utilized GABA-A antagonists in order to treat such chemical imbalance and the result was positive. As a result, the subjects of the experiment, Ts65Dn mice, or mice with Down’s syndrome, demonstrated restored cognitive functions. The specific chemical GABA-A antagonist, which is a ?5-subtype or ?5IA, was used to restore memory and learning functions n rats. The ?5IA subtype of GABA-A antagonist is different from its other subtypes because it is non-convulsant, which means to say that the other subtypes may cause convulsions if tested on humans. Other subtypes also caused certain changes in the tissues of the brain, liver and kidney of the experimental mice, but ?5IA did not. The study of Braudeau et al. was particularly important to the medical community as well as to families of Down’s syndrome patients because this new particular chemical or drug – GABA-A antagonist ?5IA subtype – may actually improve learning and memory problems among patients suffering from Down’s syndrome. Nonetheless, the drug has not yet been tested in humans for fear that although it may not cause convulsions in rats, it may still do so in humans. Moreover, the study was unique in itself because although it has been known that Down’s syndrome pa tients suffer from imbalanced inhibition and excitation at the cellular level, there had been no non-convulsant drug that promised any good cure until now. Another study, the one conducted by Perluigi and Butterfield in Kentucky, USA in 2011 is entitled â€Å"Oxidative Stress and Down Syndrome: A Route toward Alzheimer-Like Dementia.† This study involved the discovery of the physiological causes of the almost natural development of Alzheimer’s Disease among Down’s syndrome patients as early as their middle age. Although there are already genetic physical and mental abnormalities in a newborn child with Down’s syndrome, these pathological problems get worse as the patient gets older and thus may have a great chance of developing into Alzheimer’s Disease later on in life. The study found out that the causes of such development were â€Å"altered free radical metabolism† and â€Å"impaired mitochondrial function† (Perluigi & Butterfield, 2012). These two cellular processes,

Hinduism What Makes It Very Appealing Theology Religion Essay

Hinduism What Makes It Very Appealing Theology Religion Essay South Asia particularly, Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan has billions of population who follow and practice Hinduism. Hinduism, todays oldest living religion, is practiced by most of the natives of above countries as well as the people who have migrated from these nations to other parts of the world. Alone in India 82% people are Hindus (Moore 487). Hinduism is a unique religion without fundamentals. It is an agglomeration of religious, cultural, and philosophical ideas and practices. Thereby, Hinduism, a heterogeneous mixture of numerous traditions has its own value and set of beliefs. Hinduism, one of the oldest religions in the history, is a blend of various cultures and is legendary for its controversial origin, religious beliefs, and multiple deities. Hinduism or the religion of Hindus, has largely unknown origins because of its great shape and unclear authors of its sacred texts. There is always a controversy regarding the origin of Hinduism since centuries. The term Hinduism derives from the Persian word that refers to the Sindhu (or Indus) river which is situated in northwest India. Hindu was first used in the 14th century by Arabs, Afghans, and Persians to describe about the people of that region. In spite of this lack of definitive origin, there are two theories, Out of India Theory and Indo Aryan Theory that deal with the history of Hinduism. As per out of India Theory, Hinduism is entirely born in India. The original house of the Hindus was India; later they spread out to central Asia and thence to Europe (Modi 11). Historians, of this theory, generally hold that the origin of Hinduism can be traced to the ancient civilization of Indus Valley. Fairy extensive archeological evidences support this theory of origin before 4,000 years. Found aged rock paintings and depictions in the caves at Northern India are main bases to conclude that Hindus were in India who migrated to north and west later. The second theory or Indo Aryan Theory basically says that a group of nomads called Aryans moved to the India and mixed with the natives. However, this theory of origin has been under contemporary scientists belief and increasing challenge. According to this theory, the Artic, of all places w as the original home of these people who migrated to India in course of centuries. Initially, these migrants populated central Asia, Iran, Afghanistan, and finally India. These pre-historic migrants or Aryans were considered as honorable and noble people, who invaded the Indus valley civilization and invented Hinduism along with the natives. These Aryans spoke a language that in its refined form came to be known as Sanskrit, which is believed to be the oldest language in the world. Due to the lack of supporting proof, this theory has now been proven to be flawed one and is considered nothing more than a myth. According to scholars, the evolution of Hinduism may be divided into three periods: the ancient (6500 BCE-1000 AD), the medieval (1000-1800 AD), and the modern (1800 AD to present). About 1500 B.C. the Indus valley was invaded from the east by the Aryans. By the year 1000, the basic doctrines of Hinduism had been formed, and the ancient period of Hinduism gave way to the medieval period. The modern period of Hinduism began about 1800 with the introduction of British rule into India. In addition to the unclear origin, another reason of Hinduism to be a unique is its basic tenets. Hinduism embraces a great diversity of  beliefs about the universe, God and the path to liberation. In Hinduism, the cosmos is represented by the various elements which represent the mass. In Indian mythology, the whole universe is consists of strong radiation represented by the term OM which is the essence of all mantras, the highest all mantras and the divine word. OM consists of three sounds: the vowel a, the vowel u, and a nasalized m. It is said that OM of Hinduism and Amen of Christianity have similar sound and meaning as well. In case of God, for Hindus, he is omnipotent, omniscient, and omnipresent beyond any attributes of shapes, color, and formà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.In general, Hindus consider God not just as the supreme and almighty one, but also the personal one whom the individual can worship. Basically, the divine trinity of Hinduism is formed by Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh who p ossess the characters corresponding to creation, preservation, and annihilation. Hinduism considers diverse aspects of God, in multifarious form. Thereby, it is sometimes viewed as polytheistic or believing in many gods (Rosen 33). As, Hinduism is a cluster of diverse belief and traditions, the prominent themes of Hinduism include the authority of the Vedas (the oldest Indian sacred texts), the Brahman (the ultimate reality), law of karma, right actions, reincarnation, and liberation from the cycle of rebirth. The Vedas are the most ancient religious texts of Hinduism-indeed; they are the oldest religious texts in an Indo- European language. All the religious realms and divine pantheons are described in the vast corpus of mythological and ritual Vedas. Vyas, a holy priest wrote all these Vedas, that Hindus believe. Even, Lord Krishna mentions about the importance of Vedas in Bhagavad Gita (part of Hindu largest Epic Mahabharat): I am seated in everyones heart and from me come remembrance, knowledge, and forgetfulness. By study of Vedas, the goal is to know only me; and it is only I who truly know these texts, indeed, I am the creator of the final truth (The Bhagavad Gita 15.15). There are four main Vedas where whole Hinduism is elaborated: the Rigveda, the Yajurveda, the Samaveda, and the Atharwaveda. Except Vedas, Hindus believe in caste system too, where Brahmans or Brahmins lie on top. A Brahmin is a member of the highest priestly caste in Hinduism who performs priestly services. Brahmins as well as Vedas are two concepts that are fundamental to Hinduism and differentiate the faith from Buddhism and Jainism. Hindu scriptures explain the ultimate reality as Brahman which is obviously the source of all things. It is said that Brahman is the ultimate mystery without any attributes and qualities which is behind the universe and all the Gods. It is pure, indivisible, infinite, incorporeal, and all pervading likewise the sky. To know about life, it is necessary to know the Brahman and the Atman which is the self, the soul, the principle of individual life. Some people feel that a message of Hinduism is, through meditation and contemplation; an individual must come to realize the fact that the Brahman is Atman. The idea that humans soul transfer into a new body after death is a main theme of Hindu tenet and this process happens over and over in a continuous cycle known as Samsara. Throughout these lives, Karma is the one which keeps an individual imprisoned by trans-migratory cycle and determines the quality of next reincarnation. Karma means deed or action. Each souls unique destiny is determined by the universal law of Karma. Hindus also believe that by good Karma the cycle of Samsara can be escaped when a soul reaches a stage known as  moksha (liberation). One who is free from ignorance and sins is eligible for Mokshya and after this point; the soul will reside in heaven. Moreover, truth, meditation, yoga, piousness, honesty, celibacy, prayers, penance, cleanliness, non-violence are other tenets of Hindus. Hindus perform different religious practices and rites according to the age of an individual with the help of trained priest or chaplain serving family. Naming, weaning, hair cutting, marriage, death are different rites throughout a Hindus life. The most important and never a-parting relationship and most engrossing event of a Hindus life is marriage. It is subjected to be the most prolonged and an endless conversation however; those who remain unmarried are also treated with the upmost respect, if he has a pious motive. The bride and bride groom start their lives together where fire is taken as witness. The couples make seven rounds around the fire and each round has its specific promise which they are supposed to keep throughout their married life. In case of remarriage, the Hindu society allows a widower to remarriage however, widows are never allowed to remarry and have affairs throughout their lives. After marriage, the funeral or death ceremony comes second important and this d iffers from caste to caste. The closing moment of a Hindus life is associated with number of actions. After death, the body is destroyed, ideally on the bank of river with fire. Afterwards, Hindu mourning lasts one year, during which a large number of ceremonies have to be performed for the Mokshya or liberation of the Soul. Hinduism is generally associated with multiple deities and does not advocate the worship of one particular deity. Home is the center of religious practices for Hindus. Deities are represented by a complexity of images and idols symbolizing divine powers. Each home has an idol, a picture or at least an image to worship. Cleaning and sprinkling the holy water are common ways to make the house holy and livable for God. In addition, Hindus go to different temples very frequently to worship different gods. Hindus view the Supreme Beings cosmic activity as comprised of three main tasks: creation, preservation, and dissolution. There three tasks are associated with three deities Brahma,  Vishnu  and  Shiva which are fundamental deities of Hinduism and they stand as  creator, preserver and destroyer respectively. Lord Brahma brings forth the generation and represents the creative principle of the Supreme Being. Where, Lord Vishnu maintains the universe and represents the eternal prin ciple of preservation. Lord Shiva represents the principle of dissolution and recreation. All future characters in Hinduism are connected somehow with these three deities. A Hindu deity represents a particular Supreme Being. These three deities together form the Hindu trinity. One must clearly apprehend that these three gods present the same power, the Supreme Being in three different aspects and are not independent. Bansi Pandit says, The oneness of the three gods Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva or Mahesh is brought out by the mystic symbol AUM where A represents Vishnu, U Shiva and M Brahma. After deities, Hindus also worship planets, trees, animals, and even spirits. As per Hindu scriptures, living beings are not apart from God, since, he resides in each and every one of the creatures in the form of atman (BG 10.39). Hence, each living being is a solitary manifestation of God. In addition, Hinduism has always been an environmentally sensitive philosophy and contains the earliest messages for sustentation of environmental and ecological balance. Thus, Hindus worship nine planets as God because it is believed that these angelic bodies in the cosmos affect every aspect of human lives and are responsible for all the good or bad times one faces in life. Among them, the sun has a major role and is worshipped in different forms. The holy Gayatri mantra is solely dedicated to the sun: Let us mediate on the adorable splendor of sun; may he arouse our minds with his golden beams. After the solar system or planets, Hindus also worship animals and plants such as cow and holy basil. The priests say that just looking after a cow in itself is a form of worship. Holy basil which is often called Queen of herbs is the mother medicine of nature. Generally each Hindus home has a basil plant in courtyard and the house is considered incomplete if it does not have a basil plant somewhere in residence. In India this plant is hallowed for more than five thousand years as a healing balm for body, mind and soul. As Hinduism is a mixture of different castes, cultures, and is comprised of many varying beliefs such as pantheism, monotheism, polytheism, and atheism; it seems very unique in comparison to other eastern religions. Even though philosophers and historians have controversy regarding Hinduism, Hindus do not have any contradiction among their beliefs.